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R W. IUE.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE. APPLICATiON FILED FEB. 19, 191;.

1,324,824. Patented Dec. 16,1919.

3 SHEETS-SHEET I.

R. W. IDE.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED FEB.19. I917.

1,324,824., Patented De0.16,1919.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2- R. W. IDE.

. INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION HLED FEB. 19. l9l7.

Patented Dec. 16,1919.

3 suszTs-sman 3.

-the United in the county of Sangamon and State of UNITED STATES PnTEN OFFICE.

. ROY IDE, OF SPRINGFIELD, ILLINOIS, ASSIG-NOR TO IDE PATENTS CORPORATION, OF

' 4 SPRINGFIELD, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF ILLINOIS.

. l i INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Application filed February 19, 1917. Serial No. 149,572.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ROY W. IDE, citizen of States, residing at Springfield,

Illinois, have invented a. certain new and useful Improvement in Internal-Combustion Engines, of whichthe following is a full, clear, concise, and exact description.

My invention relates to internal combustion engines and also to an improved interrelation of such engines with carbureters and has a number of objects and advantages in view.

One feature of my invention relates to the admission of air to the carbureter, this admission being regulated by the engine structure. In the preferred embodiment of the invention the engine structure includes a crank case to which the air to be carbureted finds access from the exterior of the engine and from which crank case the air is supplied to the mixin or .carbureting chamber of a carbureter. y another feature of the invention this mixing chamber is in the nature of a receptacle that has communication with the intake port of the engine and which is designed to hold liquid fuel to prevent the flow thereof to the crank case. "I

also provide means, in a. four stroke per cycle engine, whereby the admission of the air to the crankcase is so proportioned with respect to the nozzleof the carbureter that the air will be admitted to the mixing chamber from the crank case in proper proportion to "mixing chamber and whereby the proper the liquid fuel that is also admitted to' the degree of partial vacuum will be present in the crank case to cause the flow of liquid fuel from the nozzle in proper amount to the mixing chamber. The partial vacuum in the crank case also promotes the passage of lubricating oil thereto from the. bearings that are furnished with lubricating oil from .the supply thereof that isprovided the crank case.

I permit some mixture of a1r and lubncating oil in order that this mixture may enter the intake port of the engine for the purpose of furnis lubricantto some of the working parts 0 the engine. To prevent this mixture of lubricating oil and air from be- .comingtoo rich Iemploy baflle plates that prevent the oil that esca es from the bearingsfrom coming into t e path of the air Where it enters the crank case and where it leaves-the crank case.

The invention has for another object the provision of means for effecting circulation of the liquid fuel in a .closed path from and to a source of supply and in excess of the quantity required, the nozzle for directing liquid fuel to the mixing chamber being included in a branch 'of this path and through which the required amount of fuel is diverted. .There is thus afl'orded a stream of gine. The invention also contemplates the employment of a mixing chamber for location adjacent to and in communication with the engine intake port and operating to retain fuel in liquid form to prevent this fuel from being discharged into the crank pit orcase of an engine, in a structure where the air to be carbureted is drawn into the crank Case andis discharged therefrom into the mixing chamber.

In the pref rred form of the invention the passageway 1' t rough which liquid fuel is taken from the source of supply and is returned thereto is enlarged into a receptacle adjacent the nozzle, this receptacle terminating above the discharge end of the nozzle to afford a head of liquid fuel, during the start ing and running of the engine, to assure a proper and suflicient flow of liquid fuel through the nozzle.

tional elevation of a-fourstroke per cycle engine and a carbureter constructed in ac.- cordance with my invention; Fig. 2 isa view partially in section and partially'in eleva- Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Dec. 16, 1919. I

tion at right angles to the direction in which I Fig. 1 is taken and with the piston and other parts in different positions; Fig. 31s a sec-l tional elevation of the electro-magneticthrottle valve governing mechanism which I prefer to employjFig. 4 is a view similar to Fig. 3 with parts in a different relation;

ment of which the invention 1s not to limited, is inclusive of an engine shaft 1 that carries the fly wheel not illustrated, and which shaft is provided with a crank structure 3 for turning it. This crank structure is connected with the inner end of a pitman 4 having four strokes per cycle and whose outer end is. swingingly connected with a piston 5, all in accordance with well known practice. Most of the features of novelty herein claimed relate particularly tofour stroke per cycle engines.

The outer portion 6 of the engine casin is desirably made cylindrical and is co-axia with an inner cylinder 7, spacing 8 intervening between the inner cylinder 7 and the outer cylinder 6 for the reception of engine cooling fluid that ma be circulated through said spacing, as will e understood by those skilled in the art. The cylinder 7 has an end wall 9 to constitute such cylinder an explosion cylinder, there bein a suitable spark plug (not shown) as wil? be understood. The working cylinder 13 of the engine receives the piston 5 and, as here shown, functions as a valving cylinder, to which end it is provided with ports 14 and 15 each adapted to serve, first, as an intake port and, second, as an exhaust port, the valving cylinder shown being arranged to operate in a counter clockwise direction as it is viewed from above. Each of the ports 14 and 15 is in turn brought into alinement with the ad- .mission or intake port 16 and the exhaust port 17 and inasmuch as there are two ports 14 and 15 in the form of engine shown the valving cylinder is caused to turn a half revolution (during which'one or the other of the ports 14 or 15 operates through a that embraces the intake,

compression, expansion, and exhaust pe riods) during two revolutions of the engine shaft. The gearing by which the valving cylinder is us driven at quarter engine speed includes the worm wheel 18 co-axial with and driven by the shaft 1 the worm 19 upon the vertical shaft 20 mes ng with the .worm wheel 18, the pinion 21 upon the upper end of the shaft 20' and the circular rack.

22 carried upon the lower end of the cylinder 13 meshing with the pinion ,21. The gas, produced y the carbureter of my invention, is governed in its passage through the admission port 16 by a butterfly valve '23. As set forth in the division of this application Serial No. 175988, filed June 21,

upon a shaft 24 that extends through or armature 28 of a solenoid 28 28 is in circuit with the source by the engine, idle solenoid responding to the voltage output of the generator. As the voltage decreases in response to the lowered engine speed the valve 23 opens to supply additional gas to the engine to increase the engine speed and vice versa. The range or are of travel of the throttle valve 23 during starting speed is indicated by the are 34 in Fig. 3. A throttling or governing range is in icated by the are 35' in Fig. 4, this are succeeding the are 34. a

By means to be hereinafter more fully set fort gasolene or other liquid fuel is passed through the bore of the nozzle 36 into a rece tacle (constituting a mixing chamber w ere the air is carbureted) 37 whose receivin s ace is merged with the intake port 16 an w liose walls rise above the bottom of the receptacle for the purpose of trap ing the liquid fuel in the composite space a orded by the receiving spaceof the receptacle and the port 16 during the starting operation .into the receptacle as liquid during running speed. The air being carbureted is drawn into the crank case 38 through the pipe or breather 39 and isdrawn upwardly through the intake air pipe 40 from which the air finds access to the receptacle 37 and the intake port 16. The passage 40 is one that is apart from the passa e afforded by the bore or interior of the cylinder. It will be observed that the air gets into the receptacle 37 through the top opening .40 therein whereas hitherto a mere pipe constituted a continuation of the port 16 through the outer end of which air was taken in. With prior arrangements, during starting, the iquid fuel was apt to descend through the pipe 40 into the'crank'case. By my arrangement the liquid fuel can pass only toward the engine with the result that the mixture is richer during starting. In the embodiment of the invention illustrated the nozzle 36 is stationarily mounted by having threaded connection with the frame portion 41 of the carbureter.

In accordance with another feature of my invention the liquid fuel is pumped by the engine into a receptacle 50 which termi-' nates appreciably above the outlet end of the fuel to be properly fed through the noz- Zle 36. In starting, the moment the engine is turned, this head is established and is maintained whereby the desired rich mixture of gas and air is provided for starting purposes. I have also found that in running there is economy in the consumption of fuel as a result of the head that is maintained in the receptacle 50 above the discharge end of the nozzle 36. The intake .channel is enlarged at its outer end to constitute a space in which there is contained a body of felt or other filtering material 51 to clean the liquid fuel, this filtering medium being retained in position by a screen 52. The means by which. the engine maintains the liquid at the desired level in the receptacle 50 preferably resides in 'a gear pump 53 having an intake54 through which the'liquid fuel (contained in the interior of the engine base 55) is drawn by the pump, the pump discharging this fuel through the eduction tube 56 that communicates with the interior of the receptacle at the bottom thereof. The liquid fuel is pumped at a rate, faster than the rate at which it is consumed on which account I provide a return'passage 57 communicating between the 1 upper end ofv the receptacle 50 andthe interior of the engine base 55. A part of this return passage 57 is established by a pipe 58 through which the pipe 56 passes, there being suflicient clearance between the pipe 56 and the pipe 58 for the return of the liquid from the upper end of the receptacle 50. I thus establish a closed path for the circulation of the liquid fuel, a branch or off-shoot of this .path including'the nozzle through which the required amount of liquid fuel is diverted from said closed path of circulation. The fuel contained in the engine base may be gasolene but I have I found that kerosene may be employed as a satisfactory substitute providing the engine is primed or started with gasolene or other more highly volatile air or liquid. When I use one liquid for starting and another liquid for running the engine I provide a valve 59 for sealing] the upper endof the pipe 56 during the starting operation.

When this valve is seated the more highly volatile liquid may be placed in the recep tacle 50 to be supplied to the receptacle 37 in suflicient amount to start the engine. This more highly volatile liquid is desirably placed in the mixing chamber 37 by first locating it in the receptacle 50 through a priming hole 60 which is also a vent hole. When the engine is brought to speed the valve-59 is opened whereaf ter the engine case that holds a supply will run upon the less volatile liquid. The valve 59 may beregulated in any suitable way; As illustrated it is provided with a valve rod 6l connected atits upper end with The air to be carbureted is admitted to the crank case through some suitable means that will maintain a desired partial vacuum in the crank case. This means is preferably in the form of a breather which is the pipe or riser 39that is sufiiciently elongated properly to choke the passage for the incoming air to secure the desired partial vacuum that 'is suitably proportioned to the opening or passage through which the gasolene or kerosene finds passage to mixing chamber and which passage may be regu-' lated in any suitable way not forming a specific part of my present invention. This air which is taken into the crank case and is discharged therefrom to the mixing chamber 37 is caused to pass through some of the lubricating oil that falls from the bearings and other parts within the crank case and also through the mist of the lubricating oil .within the crank case so that some of this oil will be carried with the air to the mixing-chamber and from this mixing chamber will find entrance to the engine through the intake port thereof. Some of the oil that is thus conveyed to the engine with the air that passes to the mixingchamber 37 lubricates the engaging surfaces of the elements 7 and 13. A partial vacuum in the crank case prevents the lubricatipg oil from following the shafting to 'the exterior of the crank {ca-Se, this oil being drawn in, after performing its service, as a consequence of the partial vacuum, as indicated at 66 in Fig. 2. The oil thus drawn back into the crank case finds passage to the bottom of the crank of lubricating oil, a return passage 67 being illustrated in Fig. 2 for the purpose of permitting such return. The oil is initially supplied to the crank case through the breather 39 which desirably terminates. in a funnel 68. A screen 69 is provided in the upper end of the funnel for straining the incoming lubricating oil. In case the screen 69 should become unduly choked I' provide an opening 70 in the side of the funnel and beneath the screen 69 that permits the proper flow of oil, dUwnwaI-dly into the breather. A plate 71 overlies the opening 70, without gated boss 79 projects upwardly closing it, and prevents the oil that is passed through the'funnel from passing through the openings 70. The lubricating'oil is desirably forced into the bearings to which end I employ a pump desirably in the form of a gear pump 72. This pump draws lubricating oil through the passage or ipe 7 3 and forces it through the passages the various bearings to be lubricated. The discharge end of the passage 73 is materially below the upper level of the body of lubricating oil in the crank pit, this body of lubricating oil modifying the sucking action of the vacuum upon the oil in the passage 7 3 in a suitable manner. The lubricating, oil, being forced under pressure to the bearings, finds exit therefrom in subdivided form as indicated at 75. his desired t0 prevent-too rich a mixture of the air (which is on its wayto the mixing chamber) and lubricating oil, to which end I provide a baflle plate 7 6 adjacent the exit pipe l0 and which serves virtually to form a lower continuation of said exit pipe to cause the air to enter the same at a place below some of the points of escape 75 of some of the oil. This plate 76 extends from side to side of the engine crank case (Fig. 2) so as to widen the inner end of the outgo ing pipe to reduce the velocity of the air Where it enters the pipe and thereby reduce the extent of the mixture of the air and lubricating oil where the air entersthe outgoing pipe. also provide another bafile plate 77 that virtually constitutes a flaring continuation of the pipe 39 and prevents the lubricating oil from being dashed into the cylindrical portion 'of the pipe 39. The base of the engine that holds the kerosene or other liquid fuel is separated from the crank pit by the bottom wall7 8 of the crank pit so that the lubricating oil chamber and the kerosene chamber are not in communication. The sleeve or elonbase wall 78 and terminates above he highest level of the lubricating oil. The shaft 20 that drives the fuel pump 53 passes lto . rom the.

through the sleeve 79 which serves to maintain'the separation of the chambers which hold the lubricating oil and kerosene.

' To enrich the mixture in starting the engine, the breather'39 may be partially closed (as by means of the spring valve 80) to increase the vacuum in the crank case to increase the flow of liquid fuel through the nozzle 36. I I

yVhile I have herein shown and particularly described the preferred embodiment of my invention I do not wish tov be lim-. ited to the precise details of construction shown as changes may readily be made without departing from-the spirit of my invention, but having thus described my invention I claim as new and desire to, secure by Letters Patent the following .1. An internal combustion engine includ- 1n sid n of engineoperating gas to the engine; an engine piston reciprocating in the cylinder; a mixing chamber in communication with said port; a nozzle for conveying liquid fuel to said mixing chamber; a source of liquid fuel; engine controlled means for supplying liquid fuel from said source to a cylinder having a port for the admissuch nozzle; and a valve for obstructing the flow of such liquid to the mixing chamber to permit of the admission of other liquid fuel to said chamber for priming.

2. The combination with an internal combustion engine; of a carbureter, the casing of the engine having separated lubricant and liquid fuel containing chambers, the. latter chamber being below the former; a pump for effecting theflow of the liquid fuel to the carburetor and having an engine operated vpump operating shaft that extends into the fuel containing chamber; and a sleeve fpr maintaining separation between said chambers and passing upwardly into the lubricant containing chamber and through which sleeve said shaftf passes.

In witness whereof, I hereunto subscribe my name this 30th day of Deceinber A. D. 

